About the CAGE Questionnaire
- The CAGE is a brief screening tool for alcohol use disorder.
- Two or more "yes" responses are considered clinically significant.
- Further assessment is recommended for positive screens.
- Not diagnostic; use in conjunction with clinical evaluation.
CAGE Questionnaire for Alcohol Use
The CAGE Questionnaire is a brief, validated screening tool for identifying potential problems with alcohol use. It consists of four yes/no questions:
- Cut down: Have you ever felt you should cut down on your drinking?
- Annoyed: Have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
- Guilty: Have you ever felt bad or guilty about your drinking?
- Eye-opener: Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or get rid of a hangover?
A score of 2 or more is considered clinically significant and suggests possible alcohol dependence. The CAGE is not diagnostic but is useful for identifying individuals who may benefit from further assessment.
- Two or more "yes" responses are considered clinically significant.
- Further assessment is recommended for positive screens.
- Not diagnostic; use in conjunction with clinical evaluation.
References
- Ewing JA. Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. JAMA. 1984;252(14):1905-1907.
- Dhalla S, Kopec JA. The CAGE questionnaire for alcohol misuse: a review of reliability and validity studies. Clin Invest Med. 2007;30(1):33-41.
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Helping Patients Who Drink Too Much: A Clinician's Guide. Updated 2005.
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